Malunga nePlatelet Rich Plasma (PRP)
I-Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) inexabiso elilinganayo lonyango kwiiseli ze-stem kwaye ngoku yenye yezona zinto zithembisayo zonyango kwiyeza lokuvuselela.Iya isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkalo zonyango ezahlukeneyo, kuquka i-cosmetic dermatology, i-orthopedics, iyeza lezemidlalo kunye notyando.
Ngowe-1842, kwafunyanwa ezinye iiseli zegazi ezibomvu nezimhlophe egazini, nto leyo eyabamangalisa abantu bexesha lakhe.UJulius Bizozero waba ngowokuqala ukubiza isakhiwo esitsha seplatelet “le piastrine del sangue” – iiplatelet.Ngo-1882, wachaza indima yeeplatelet kwi-coagulation in vitro kunye nokubandakanyeka kwabo kwi-etiology ye-thrombosis kwi-vivo.Kwakhona wafumanisa ukuba iindonga zemithambo yegazi zithintela ukunamathela kwiplatelet.U-Wright wenza inkqubela phambili ekuphuhliseni iindlela zonyango zonyango ngokufumanisa kwakhe ii-macrokaryocytes, ezizizandulela kwiiplatelets.Ekuqaleni kwe-1940, oogqirha basebenzisa "izicatshulwa" ze-embryonic ezenziwe ngezinto zokukhula kunye ne-cytokines ukukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwenxeba.Ukuphulukiswa kwenxeba ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusebenzayo kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yeenkqubo zotyando.Ngoko ke, u-Eugen Cronkite et al.yazisa indibaniselwano yethrombin kunye nefibrin kwigrafti yesikhumba.Ngokusebenzisa amacandelo angentla, i-attachment eqinile kwaye ezinzileyo ye-flap iqinisekisiwe, edlala indima ebalulekileyo kulolu hlobo lotyando.
Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, oogqirha baye babona imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokungenisa utofelo-gazi lweplatelet ukunyanga i-thrombocytopenia.Oku kukhokelele ekuphuculweni kobuchule bokulungiselela ukugxila kwiplatelet.Ukongezwa ngeplatelet concentrates kunokuthintela ukopha kwizigulana.Ngelo xesha, oogqirha kunye neengcali ze-hematologists zazama ukulungisa i-platelet concentrates ukwenzela utofelo-gazi.Iindlela zokufumana i-concentrates ziphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziphuculwe kakhulu, njengoko iipleyiti ezizimeleyo ngokukhawuleza zilahlekelwa ukusebenza kwazo kwaye ngoko ke kufuneka zigcinwe kwi-4 °C kwaye zisetyenziswe ngaphakathi kwe-24 h.
Impahla nenkqubo
Kwiminyaka ye-1920, i-citrate yayisetyenziswa njenge-anticoagulant ukufumana i-platelet concentrates.Inkqubela phambili ekulungiseleleni i-platelet concentrates yakhawuleza kwi-1950 kunye ne-1960 xa izitya zegazi zeplastiki eziguquguqukayo zenziwe.Igama elithi "platelet-rich plasma" laqala ukusetyenziswa nguKingsley et al.ngowe-1954 kubhekiselwa kumlinganiselo oqhelekileyo weplatelet osetyenziselwa utofelo-gazi.Ibhanki yegazi yokuqala ye-PRP formulations yavela kwi-1960 kwaye yaziwa kakhulu kwi-1970s.Ngasekupheleni kwee-1950 kunye nee-1960, "i-EDTA platelet packs" yayisetyenziswa.Isethi iqulethe isikhwama seplastiki kunye negazi le-EDTA elivumela ukuba iiplatelet zigxininiswe yi-centrifugation, ehlala imisiwe kwixabiso elincinci le-plasma emva kokuhlinzwa.
Isiphumo
Kucingelwa ukuba izinto zokukhula (GFs) zizinye iikhompawundi ze-PRP ezifihliweyo kwiiplatelet kwaye zibandakanyeka kwisenzo sayo.Le ngcamango yaqinisekiswa ngo-1980.Kuvela ukuba iiplatelet zikhupha iimolekyuli ze-bioactive (GFs) ukulungisa izicubu ezonakalisiweyo, ezifana nezilonda zesikhumba.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izifundo ezimbalwa eziphonononga lo mba ziye zenziwa.Esinye sezifundo ezifundwe kakhulu kule ntsimi kukudityaniswa kwe-PRP kunye ne-hyaluronic acid.I-Epidermal growth factor (EGF) yafunyanwa nguCohen kwi-1962. I-GF elandelayo yayiyi-platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) kwi-1974 kunye ne-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) kwi-1989.
Lilonke, inkqubela phambili kwezamayeza ikhokelele kwinkqubela phambili ekhawulezileyo yokusetyenziswa kweeplatelet.Ngowe-1972, uMatras waqala wasebenzisa iiplatelet njengesixhobo sokutywina ukuze kufunyanwe ihomeostasis yegazi ebudeni botyando.Ngaphezu koko, kwi-1975, i-Oon kunye neHobbs yayizenzululwazi zokuqala ukusebenzisa i-PRP kunyango lokuvuselela.Ngo-1987, uFerrari et al waqala wasebenzisa iplasma eneplatelet etyebileyo njengomthombo wegazi ozenzekelayo kuqhaqho lwentliziyo, ngaloo ndlela yehlisa ukulahleka kwegazi, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kwi-peripheral pulmonary circulation, kunye nokusetyenziswa okulandelayo kweemveliso zegazi.
Ngowe-1986, uKnighton et al.yayizizazinzulu zokuqala ukuchaza iprotocol yokuphucula iplatelet kwaye bayibiza ngokuba yi-autologous platelet-derived wound heal factor (PDWHF).Ukusukela ekusekweni kweprotocol, ubuchule buye basetyenziswa kakhulu kwiyeza lobuhle.I-PRP isetyenziswe kwiyeza lokuvuselela ukususela ekupheleni kwe-1980s.
Ukongeza kutyando oluqhelekileyo kunye nokuhlinzwa kwentliziyo, utyando lwe-maxillofacial lwaluyenye indawo apho i-PRP yaduma khona ekuqaleni kwe-1990.I-PRP yayisetyenziselwa ukuphucula i-graft bonding ekwakhiweni kwakhona kwe-mandibular.I-PRP iphinde iqalise ukuphunyezwa kwi-dentistry kwaye isetyenziswe ukususela ekupheleni kwe-1990 ukuphucula ukudibanisa kwamazinyo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwamathambo.Ukongezelela, iglue yefibrin yayiyinto eyaziwayo enxulumene nayo eyaziswa ngelo xesha.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-PRP kwi-dentistry kwaphuhliswa ngakumbi kunye nokuveliswa kwe-platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), i-platelet concentrate engadingi ukongezwa kwe-anticoagulants, nguChoukroun.
I-PRF iye yanda kakhulu ekuqaleni koo-2000, ngokunyuka kwenani lezicelo kwiinkqubo zamazinyo, kubandakanywa ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu ze-hyperplastic gingival kunye neziphene ze periodontal, ukuvalwa kwenxeba lepalatal, unyango lwe-gingival recession, kunye nemikhono yokukhupha.
Xoxa
U-Anitua kwi-1999 ichaze ukusetyenziswa kwe-PRP ukukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwamathambo ngexesha lokutshintshana kwe-plasma.Emva kokubona imiphumo emihle yonyango, izazinzulu zaphanda le nto ngakumbi.Amaphepha akhe alandelayo achaza imiphumo yeli gazi kwizilonda zesikhumba ezingapheliyo, ukufakelwa kwamazinyo, ukuphilisa i-tendon, kunye nokulimala kwezemidlalo yamathambo.Iziyobisi ezininzi ezenza i-PRP, ezifana ne-calcium chloride kunye ne-bovine thrombin, zisetyenziswe ukususela kwi-2000.
Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezintle, i-PRP isetyenziswa kwi-orthopedics.Iziphumo zesifundo sokuqala esinzulu malunga nemiphumo yokukhula kwezicubu ze-tendon yomntu zapapashwa kwi-2005. Unyango lwe-PRP okwangoku lusetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo eziphazamisayo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kwee-tendon, iigaments, imisipha kunye ne-cartilage.Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuthandwa okuqhubekayo kwenkqubo kwi-orthopedics kunokunxulumana nokusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-PRP ngeenkwenkwezi zezemidlalo.Kwi-2009, uphando lwezilwanyana oluvavanyayo lwapapashwa olwaqinisekisa i-hypothesis yokuba i-PRP igxininise ekuphuculeni ukuphulukiswa kwezicubu zomzimba.Indlela engaphantsi kwesenzo se-PRP kwesikhumba okwangoku sisifundo sophando olunzulu lwesayensi.
I-PRP isetyenziswe ngempumelelo kwi-cosmetic dermatology ukususela ngo-2010 okanye ngaphambili.Emva kokutofa i-PRP, ulusu lubukeka luncinci kunye ne-hydration, ukuguquguquka kunye nombala kuphuculwe kakhulu.I-PRP ikwasetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukukhula kweenwele.Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-PRP okwangoku ezisetyenziselwa unyango lokukhula kweenwele - i-plasma engasebenziyo ye-platelet-rich (A-PRP) kunye ne-platelet-rich rich plasma (AA-PRP) esebenzayo.Nangona kunjalo, iiNtlanga et al.wabonisa ukuba ubuninzi beenwele kunye neeparamitha zokubala iinwele zinokuphuculwa ngokutofa i-A-PRP.Ukongeza, kuye kwangqinwa ukuba ukusebenzisa unyango lwe-PRP ngaphambi kokutshintshwa kweenwele kunokuphucula ukukhula kweenwele kunye nokuxinana kweenwele.Ukongeza, kwi-2009, izifundo zibonise ukuba ukusetyenziswa komxube we-PRP kunye namafutha kunokuphucula ukwamkelwa kwe-fat graft kunye nokuphila, okunokuphucula iziphumo zotyando lweplastiki.
Iziphumo zamva nje ezivela kwi-Cosmetic Dermatology zibonisa ukuba indibaniselwano ye-PRP kunye ne-CO2 yonyango lwe-laser inokunciphisa i-acne scars kakhulu.Ngokufanayo, i-PRP kunye ne-microneedling ibangele i-collagen bundles ehlelwe ngakumbi esikhumbeni kune-PRP yodwa.Imbali ye-PRP ayifutshane, kwaye iziphumo ezinxulumene nale nxalenye yegazi zibalulekile.Oogqirha kunye noosonzululwazi bafuna iindlela ezintsha zonyango.Njengendlela, i-PRP isetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezininzi zonyango, kuquka i-gynecology, i-urology, kunye ne-ophthalmology.
Imbali ye-PRP ubuncinane ubuneminyaka eyi-70 ubudala.Ngoko ke, indlela isekelwe kakuhle kwaye inokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiyeza.
(Imixholo yeli nqaku ishicilelwe, kwaye asiboneleli nasiphi na isiqinisekiso esicacileyo okanye esichaziweyo sokuchaneka, ukuthembeka okanye ukugqibelela kokuqulathwe kweli nqaku, kwaye abanaxanduva ngezimvo zeli nqaku, nceda uqonde.)
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-28-2022